Medical products, predominantly sold by newspaper and book printers, became the most heavily advertised branded good throughout the eighteenth century. Proprietary medicines were big business and so counterfeits were rife; protecting the brand was crucial. Proprietors aimed to convince consumers of the medicine’s authenticity, its reliability and, on occasion, its...
The military is a key component of the state. It is also a crucial tool of imperial control. The Arab Legion, therefore, as the Jordanian national army financed by Britain and staffed by British and Arab officers, was a crucial feature of the formative Jordanian state. It was the bedrock...
The skyscraper profile of New York was inspirational for the European avant garde, who equated New York with modernity. It was also a refuge for European artists and writers fleeing First World War conscription or, later, Nazism and Stalinism. They mixed with the New York avant garde both there and...